Gender Distribution of Indian Research output
The Indian Research output during 2010 to 2019 was analysed to identify the gender distribution patterns. More precisely, the gender of the first author (leading author) for all the papers, has been determined using the Gender-API service. It is observed that only 29.3% of Indian papers are Female 1st authored, as compared to 70.7% Male 1st authored papers. The distribution of Female and Male 1st have remained almost the same during 2010 to 2019 period. The figure below shows the year-wise gender distribution of Indian Research output.
Subject area-wise Gender Distribution
The gender distribution of Indian papers are also analysed with respect to different subject areas. While the majority of the 22 subject areas have almost similar percentage of Female 1st authored papers, subject areas like History & Archaeology, Built Environment & Design and Law & Legal studies have a slightly higher percentage of Female 1st authored papers. In general, only about one-fourth of the research papers in the majority of the subject areas have Female 1st author. The table below presents percentage of Female and Male 1st authored papers in different subject areas.
The amount of internationally collaborated papers from India are, however, lesser as compared to the 20 major countries. For example, United Kingdom has 48.73% of its research output that involves international collaboration. Similarly, France has 50.43%, Australia has 50.98%, and Switzerland has 65.63% of its research output, during 2010 to 2019, involving international collaboration. The table below shows international collaboration patterns of the 20 major countries considered.
Subject Area-wise Gender Distribution
| Rank | Subject Area | Male 1st Authored Papers (%) | Female 1st Authored Papers (%) |
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